As a source of the Bâc river it is considered the place of the appearance of the well pronounced stream, dried in the southwest part of Temeleuți village, Călărași district. The Bâc river flows into the Nistru river, 225 km from its mouth, 1 km southwest of the village of Gura Bâcului. The length of the river is 155 km, the surface of the river basin - 2040 square km. The altitude of the spring - 181 m, the mouth - 6.0 m, the total fall - 175 m, the average inclination -1.13‰, the maximum values registering at 6 km - 6.6‰. Albia is not branched, with a width of 4.33 m, weakly meandered, and on the sector between the city Straseni and Vatra is very meandering, downstream from the village of Mereni - channeled, at times slightly pronounced and lost in the flooded meadow, flooded. The width of the river is 8-12 m, and the depth 0.1 to 0.2 m, in some beams reaching up to 0.8-1.0 m, the speed of the course 0.1 to 0.2 m / sec. The banks are predominantly steep, with the height 0.2 - 2.5 m, and from the confluence with the river Ișnovăț to the village of Bulboaca - the height reaches 7 m.
In the hydrographic area of the Bâc river are located 17 localities in 15 territorial-administrative units (town halls): Vălcineț, Temeleuți, Peticeni, Tuzara (Seliștea Nouă, Novaci), Bahmut, Pitușca, Vărzăreștii Noi, Sipoteni, Niscani, Pîrjolteni, Buda, Horodiște, Căbăiești, Sadova and Călărași with a population of 52787 inhabitants and in 19529 the households.
The Bâc River, a right tributary of the Dniester River, with a length of 155 km, is described as the most degraded river in the Republic of Moldova, which, starting with Chisinau municipality, has been transformed into a wastewater drainage channel, pouring them directly into the Dniester River. During 2012, CNM evaluated the situation in the basin, involving 63 local public authorities, Ecological Inspections, Public Health Centers, "Apele Moldovei" Agency and other relevant institutions. Following this evaluation and the related public consultations, the Report on the ecological situation of the Bâc river basin was prepared, which includes quantitative data on the main sources of pollution of the river and its degradation factors for all localities in the basin.
According to this report and the investigations carried out by the National Environmental Center, in the autumn of 2012, to determine the water quality of the Bâc river by the method of biological monitoring, it was found that upstream of the municipality of Chisinau, the water is moderately polluted, within Chisinau municipality's region water quality changes into a highly polluted one, so that starting with Varnița street (the industrial sector of the capital) the life of the river gradually disappears, due to the aggressive pollution to which the river is subjected. Thus, the investigations identified the absence of life downstream of the municipality of Chisinau, which shows the adverse influence of the human activities carried out in the capital on the river. This dead water, for good reason, is used for irrigation of agricultural fields in the Anenii Noi district, which, by the way, are sold on the markets in Chisinau, but also influence the quality of the groundwater in this district. Unfortunately, however, no studies have been carried out in the Republic of Moldova that would reflect the impact of a polluted river on the life of man and his standard of living.